Analysis of Nike Essay -- Nike Tennis Shoes Retail Businesses Essays

Inequality within organizations

Associations are foundations which are set up and set up dependent on a specific arrangement of goals with the point of guaranteeing that the vision for which they are set up are gotten or figured it out. It is significant that associations are foundations which are set up and run by human beings.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Inequality inside associations explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More For this situation the achievement or disappointment of an association to arrive at the expressed goals lay in the hands of the individuals who are concerned and all the more critically in the pioneer who spells the vision to the individuals who are inside the association. As an element, associations have their own societies and frameworks of activity. This suggests there are associations which work on standards which guarantee that necessities of the staff in addition to the client or customer based are acknowledged and there are different association s which might not have that angle by any means. Contrasts will undoubtedly exist in the midst of individuals who hold various philosophies and feelings about specific viewpoints. This is a significant perspective in associations since it offers the association a chance to work and gel in a novel and differing way. Be that as it may, there are cases whereby these distinctions realize strife. These contentions emerge when there is no shared conviction and therefore instances of disparity crop up among staff. Imbalance might be characterized as a circumstance where an individual sees that the person in question is accepting short of what the person is giving, or is giving short of what the person is getting. This prompts the experience of strain, and pressure propels an individual to act in a way to determine the disparity. In the end the picture of the organization is hurt just as the efficiency of the representatives. It is significant as an executive to progress in the direction of guaranteeing that any type of imbalance is settled. There are a few methodologies which can be utilized in settling imbalance and reestablishing value to the circumstance . As a director these are a portion of the methodologies that may be put to utilize. These incorporate adjusting the person’s results, modifying the person’s yield, modifying the examination other’s results, adjusting the correlation other’s inputs, change who is utilized as a correlation with the other, support the disparity and leave the authoritative situation.Advertising Looking for article on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is significant for a head to choose a system or a lot of strategies. This isn't a simple issue, it is an issue which is exceptionally touchy and which has long haul outcomes, hence as the head thinks about definition of a technique and strategies to reestablish value, the scop e of results of elective moves must be made into account. This is the main way which will guarantee that the impacts of the disparity included are placed into thought and simultaneously the gatherings which feel abused are cooked for agreeably. Coming to an end result on the most proficient method to manage the issues which are looked inside an association is very significant. This is on the grounds that it empowers the individual to be in a place of creating techniques that are moral and building up a dynamic procedure which provides food for the necessities of the considerable number of people concerned. Basically morals in associations can't be neglected in light of the fact that it advises the procedure regarding showing up at the ideal choice. Morally, showing up at the correct choice involves distinguishing the underlying driver of the current issue. This is finished by building up a bit by bit approach towards settling the emerging clash. In this procedure one needs in any ca se a thought of the vulnerabilities associated with any moral issue. Also the age of elective answers for the difficult which on occasion may involve isolating the characterizing issue and assembling more data towards settling the contention and in conclusion continually acting constrained to guarantee that these contentions are brought under prompt control. References Cooper, T. L. (2011 ). The Responsible Administrator: An Approach to Ethics for the Administrative Role. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Nelson, D. L., Quick, J. C. (2007). Understanding Organizational Behavior. California: Cengage Learning EMEA.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Inequality inside associations explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This article on Inequality inside associations was composed and put together by client Bowen P. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Physical Symptoms of Panic and Anxiety Disorders

Physical Symptoms of Panic and Anxiety Disorders Panic Disorder Symptoms Print Physical Symptoms of Panic Disorder and Anxiety These disorders often co-occur with other conditions By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 02, 2019 Science Photo Library/Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Coping Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Chest Pain Shortness of Breath Headaches and Migraines Irritable Bowel Syndrome Muscle Pain and Tension Muscle Pain and Tension View All Back To Top People diagnosed with anxiety disorders like panic disorder  often experience uncomfortable physical symptoms, including sweating, accelerated heart rate, shaking,  and trembling. Given the severity of these physical symptoms, its not surprising that many people with panic disorder seek emergency medical careâ€"one 2016 study reported that there were 1,247,000 anxiety-related ER visits annually. However, due to the complexity of the condition, the wide range of symptoms,  and the similarity to other illnesses, panic disorder is often misdiagnosed in emergency rooms. Hopefully, the following summary of common physical symptoms and co-occurring conditions associated with panic disorder and anxiety will make them easier to diagnose. Chest Pain Chest pain is one of the most frightening physical symptoms of panic attacks. This is also the symptom that most often sends panic disorder sufferers to the emergency room. When chest pain occurs during a panic attack, its not uncommon for the person to believe he or she is experiencing a medical emergency, such as a heart attack.?? Fortunately, panic attacks are typically not life-threatening. However, only a doctor or other medical professional is qualified to make a proper diagnosis and determine if a person’s chest pain is simply a symptom of a panic attack or is actually caused by a separate medical condition. Shortness of Breath Many people report that they find it difficult to breathe during a panic attack. Some describe it as a suffocating or smothering feeling; others say its more like a choking sensation. Regardless of how its described, shortness of breath can be a frightening experienceâ€"one that may lead to a fear of fainting or even death. This in turn only heightens panic and anxiety. Even though shortness of breath can be scary and upsetting, its often easily managed through the use of coping techniques, such as deep breathing exercises. Headaches and Migraines People with panic disorder are more prone to experiencing frequent headaches. Additionally, those diagnosed with panic disorder have also been found to suffer from the severe types of headaches known as migraines. Many people with panic disorder have reported that headaches and migraines often develop right after a panic attack.?? Treatment options for panic disorder and co-occurring headaches and migraines are available. Some medications used to treat panic disorder have been found to be a safe and effective way to also treat co-occurring headaches. However, some medications for panic disorder may actually be contributing to headaches. A doctor or other medical professional will be able to create a treatment plan to help you manage both conditions. The Link Between Migraines and Panic Attacks Irritable Bowel Syndrome Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a digestive disorder estimated to affect approximately 20% of U.S. adults. The symptoms of IBS include bloating, frequent stomachaches, diarrhea, cramping, and constipation. Studies have found that IBS is more prevalent among people with anxiety disorders, especially panic disorder. Both IBS and panic attacks involve a great deal of anticipatory anxiety, feelings of embarrassment, and avoidance behaviors. IBS and panic disorder have both been found to respond favorably to medication, psychotherapy, or a combination of these two treatment options. Could Irritable Bowel Syndrome Be a Cause of Your Anxiety? Muscle Pain and Tension Experiencing frequent feelings of fear, worry, and anxiety can impact the body by contributing to muscle pain and tightness. Muscle tension is a common problem for people with panic disorder. Typically, muscles become tense during a panic attack and can cause feelings of stiffness throughout the body, long after the attack has subsided. Muscle pain and discomfort can often be managed through relaxation techniques. Common activities that can help calm and relax the body include breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation,  and visualization. There are many self-help books that provide examples and instructions on these techniques. Yoga is an activity that includes many aspects of relaxation with the additional benefits of exercise for panic disorder. Yoga classes can be found at local studios, gyms, and community centers. Can Yoga Help Anxiety and Panic Disorder? Tiredness and Insomnia Chronic worry, simply put, is exhausting, so its typical for people with anxiety disorders like panic disorderâ€"which often creates a cycle of fear about having another panic attackâ€"to be fatigued. But sometimes the worry or other physical symptoms of anxiety make it difficult either to fall or  stay asleep. In the short-term, this can take a toll on other aspects of physical and psychological well-being. For people experiencing even mild sleep disruptions, anxiety treatment is likely to involve changes to the bedtime routine.

Planning An Operation Around Demand - 1078 Words

In the Littlefield Project, our team utilized various methods learned in class and group analysis of the data in order to come up with the optimal solution. Through our analysis, as well as our trial and error, we learned several important lessons when planning an operation around demand. In order to outline how we came to learn those lessons, we will explore the simulation, how it played out, our reactions to it, and what worked as well as what did not. To begin, we will cover our analysis of the data available. In order to estimate a general slope of demand, we needed to figure out the average demand recorded as of the first 50 days. Once that was determined, we had to analyze the data presented and make an educated estimate on how†¦show more content†¦As we noticed a trend of higher lead times per increased order delivery schedule, we began to understand the nature and relation of machine utilization and our job completion rate. It was clear that we needed to focus our efforts on keeping utilization rates as high as possible without max them out. Our contract allowed us three days maximum for delivery, otherwise our entire revenue of $1000 would be forfeit. However, we quoted a lead time of one day, so we focused heavily on managing machine utilization because we wanted to maintain high service levels and capture revenue. Originally, we focused on Station 1 since its utilization was the first to approach maximum capacity; we decided that was an issue that needed to be resolved immediately. Since the demand was consistently going up for the first five months, we knew that the utilization of the entire facility, not just Station 1, would be steadily increasing. As we solved the capacity issues of a particular station by purchasing more machines, we would focus on the next station in which utilization was near its limit. In order to balance the flow of the process, we established a specific strategy for buying and selling machines. One aspect of our strategy was to examine each station’s capacity utilization. For instance, if capacity utilization was high and we needed to send more product through that station, we’d add another machine. However, if that station’s capacity utilization was low and thus not

No Doubt That Devoted Hearties Will Be Well Aware Of The

No doubt that devoted Hearties will be well aware of the work of AfterBuzz TV on behalf of our beloved When Calls the Heart TV show. They consistently conduct an amazing After Show for the Hearties, and they have even interviewed some of our favorites actors. Recently, I had the opportunity to chat with Marisa Serafini, one of the hosts of this celebrated after show, and she and I discussed a variety of things including how she got started with AfterBuzz TV, her diverse work on the show, and the unbelievable schedule that she and the entire group at AfterBuzz TV continue to maintain as the show continues in its quest to expand and reach as many viewers as possible.. RH: Marisa, I m so glad we could chat today. MS: Thank you for asking†¦show more content†¦Actually, I m a film major. How did you end up in your role at AfterBuzz TV? Well, it s a funny story. About five years ago...actually, April 9, 2012 was my first day at AfterBuzz. I had just graduated college in December 2011, and I was out there in the world trying to find that first real job. In this industry, as you know, you kinda have to know someone to know someone to know someone to get your foot in the door. Weirdly enough, I knew a friend of Keven Undergaro, who is the executive producer and founder of AfterBuzz TV. So I talked with this friend of Keven s, and I told him about my background and what my skillsets were. I told him I had just graduated. I had done a lot of film projects, and I shot him my resume and my demo reels, and he really liked what he saw. After that, he said, You know, I like your personality. I like your attitude. I m going to forward your information to Keven and recommend you to him. Literally the next day, I got a call from Keven, and he said, I saw your stuff that was sent to me. I looked over it and liked it, and I wanted to talk to you personally. I talked to Keven for about an hour, and this was when AfterBuzz was still fairly new. They had only been around for about a year. It wasn t nearly as big as it is now. Keven was like, We re a start-up and we do after shows of television shows, and we would love to have youShow MoreRelatedSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pagesriver in her honor. Parts of the journey were incredibly difficult and arduous, including the crossing of the forbidding Rocky Mountains, which was so hard that the travelers had to eat candles to survive. After the crossing, Sacajawea helped find hearty food to build up the party’s strength again. Much legend has been build up around the image of Sacajawea as a â€Å"guide† to the Lewis and Clark expedition, but contrary to popular myth, she did not frequently give directions, although on several instancesRead MoreFor Against by L.G. Alexander31987 Words   |  128 Pagesconsistent with their personal views. 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Critique of Transcultural Nursing Free Essays

Discuss whether nursing Is a profession or an occupation. What can current and future nurses do to enhance nursing’s standing as a profession? Nursing Is a profession. According to Mencken and Wills (2014) â€Å"profession Is a learned vocation or occupation that has a status of superiority and precedence within a Dillon of work† (p. We will write a custom essay sample on Critique of Transcultural Nursing or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2). I believe this describes nursing but needed more evidence to make my decision. I considered the â€Å"characteristics off profession: a defined and specialized knowledge base, control and authority over training and education, credentialing system, altruistic service to society, formal training within institutions of higher education, lengthy colonization to the profession and autonomy† (Mencken Wills, 2014, p. 2). The National Council of State Boards of Nursing (â€Å"NCSA Home,† n. D. Help to define the nursing knowledge base, have authority over training by requiring that training at institutions of higher education meet the standards of approval by boards of nursing and that nurses graduating from an approved nursing program are clinically competent to practice nursing by assign the national council licenser exam (â€Å"UNCLE Examinations,† n. D. ). Nursing at Its core Is an altruistic profession. Altruism Is defined as â€Å"feelings and behavior that show a desire to help other people and a lack of selfishness† (â€Å"Altruis m – Merriam- Webster Dictionary,† n. D. ). Nurses provide care because it is needed and not because the nurse will have personal gains from providing such care. Autonomy in nursing can be viewed as a partnership in a multi-disciplinary team in which each ember has a different skill set and working together the patient receives the best possible care. Each member works independently and inter-dependently to meet the varied and unique needs of each individual patient. Nursing as a profession meets or exceeds each characteristic of a profession in my view. Experienced nurses need to help grow the skills and critical thinking of new nurses. Nurses with a wide variety of experiences and skills are better able to act autonomously. When nurses think critically and act In a safe way they provide better, ore efficient care. This leads to Increased patient satisfaction, Increased physician, peer and self-confidence. I find that the area new nurses need the most guidance on is his/her ability to call on knowledge already gained to provide the most effective care. For example, knowing which IV size to choose for a patient who has a possible GIG bleed is something that the preceptor teaches the new nursing graduate. How to cite Critique of Transcultural Nursing, Papers

The Confederation of Ontario University Staff Associations and Union

Background information about COUSA The Confederation of Ontario University Staff Associations and Union (COUSA) is an umbrella union that was formed in 1974 by a group of unionized employees working at Ontario University in Canada. COUSA is made up of workers from clerical jobs, administrative, technical and professional occupations. There are different types of groups under the COUSA umbrella.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Confederation of Ontario University Staff Associations and Union specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They include employees from Ontario University- from independent, non-unionized groups, provincial groups and international unions- are members of COUSA. All member unions under COUSA shared a common aspiration: that all employees of Ontario University need a common platform to collect information and work together with the government. In addition, the umbrella organization does not rival ot her unionized organization; on the contrary, it is willing to collaborate with them to the benefit of workers (COUSA, 2011, p.1). There are many benefits one can get by joining COUSA. For example, members of the Confederation attend three seminars organized by the umbrella body every year to network and share valuable information about emerging issues in labor unions. COUSA offers avenues where non-academic employees at Ontario University can share knowledge and experience about trends or activities that touch on employment issues. In addition, COUSA organizes workshops where members discuss and share knowledge on crucial topics for example: pay equity; reforms on labor laws; lobbying approaches; negotiating skills; and benefits costing. The Confederation also lobbies and advocates on behalf of Ontario University staff to the public and government. It also offers a platform that enable member groups to collaborate on a short term basis (COUSA, 2011, p.3). Legal issues and obstacles facing COUSA There are a number of legislative reforms in Canada that are likely to impact on the way COUSA runs its affairs. For example, in 2004, the parliament enacted Labor Relations Bill 144 that altered a number of labor relations laws in Canada. COUSA has several trade unions that are registered under the Ontario Labor Relations Act.Advertising Looking for essay on labor law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a result, the introduction of Labor Relations Bill 144 is bound to have an effect on the activities of the trade unions under COUSA. In addition, the new regulation will have a negative impact on academic workers hired on a part-time basis by the Ontario University. For example, the Bill requires unionized organizations to submit the income disclosure requirements. This is one of the new changes introduced by the law and contradicts the public view about the objectivity of labor law (Slinn, 2003, p.367). The effec tiveness of COUSA is also constrained by lack of a strong financial base. Labor unions are denied financial aid from the government under the new law. COUSA does not have enough financial resources to mange cases related to violation of the Labor Act. A swift decree is the only viable cure to the adverse effects of the Act on the union. Also, lack of ample financial resources has limited the ability of COUSA member unions to access reconciliation services. This has severely limited the ability of the COUSA to bargain on behalf of its member unions (Slinn, 2003, p.369). Bargaining process COUSA has a number of elected representatives that bargain on behalf of its members. For example, the COUSA Salaries and Benefits Committee is mandated to negotiate on behalf of staff at Ontario University on matters related to compensation (David Stiff, 2007, p.1). The Confederation also supports a number of legislative changes that enhance working conditions and seek minimum wages for its member unions (Fanelli Meades, 2011, p.12). For instance, COUSA supports the restoration of several key powers that were formerly granted to Ontario Labour Relations Board. It has been noted that many employers engage in unjust labor practices to prevent their staff from exercising their democratic rights with respect to certification process. It is thus vital that OLRB is granted authority to certify all unions (Slinn, 2003, p.370).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Confederation of Ontario University Staff Associations and Union specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More COUSA also supports the resolution to re-empower OLRB to endorse a trade union in cases where the employer has engaged in unjust labor practices. It is worth to note that the OLRA was previously an influential body that deterred employers from violating the Labor Relations Act. Thus COUSA supports reforms proposed by the Ontario Federation of Labor regardin g labor laws in the interest of simplicity and certainty. COUSA is convinced that the card based system used for certification is the suitable way for selecting union officials. When the card based system was abolished in 1995, the Conservatives stated that compulsory votes were democratic and thus fair. However, COUSA pointed out that compulsory voting disregarded the genuine resultant power disparity between employers and workers. The main reason for this transformation was to make it difficult for the unions to receive certification and also to reduce the speed at which unions could put in order their new bargaining units. Studies show that this move was successful since there was a significant reduction in the rate of certification of unions in 1993 after the endorsement of Bill 7. Thus COUSA has employed a number of bargaining strategies such as information leverage, offers and concessions; and long-term tactical thinking to gain an upper hand when bargaining on behalf of its m embers (Trotman, 2011, p.4). References COUSA. (2011). Confederation of Ontario University Staff Associations and Union. Retrieved from http://www.cpwo.ca/about-us.php David, S., Stiff, B. (2007). Queen University Staff Association. Ontario: Betty Pollard. Fanelli, C., Meades, J. (2011). The Case of Carleton’s Capitalist University. Retrieved from https://socialistproject.ca/2011/01/b450/Advertising Looking for essay on labor law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Slinn, S. (2003). The Effect of Compulsory Certification Votes on Certification Applications in Ontario. Canadian Labor and Employment Law Journal, 10, 367- 397. Trotman, V. (2011). Building Union-Management Partnerships. Toronto: Federated Press. This essay on The Confederation of Ontario University Staff Associations and Union was written and submitted by user Justus Rowland to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Get Your Lesson Plans Done More Quickly

How to Get Your Lesson Plans Done More Quickly Every week teachers spend countless hours scouring the internet for the perfect lesson plan or searching for some inspiration that will lead them to create an amazing lesson for their students. Teachers do this because its their road map, it leads them to what their students will be learning and how they will go about teaching them. Lesson plans not only help a teacher run their classroom and help keep the children focused. Without a detailed lesson plan, the substitute teacher would not know what to do with the students. You would think that in order to create an effective lesson plan that is engaging, addresses students learning objectives, incorporates engaging activities and helps to check for student understanding would take days to create. However, educators have been at this for a very long time and have come up a few tips and secrets that help them get their lesson plans done quick. Here are a few teaching strategies to help you get your lesson planning done faster. 1. Start Lesson Planning Backwards Before you even start to plan your lesson think about what your learning objective is. Think about what you want your students to learn and get out of the lesson. Do you want your students to learn how to count by 10s or be able to write an essay using all of their spelling words? Once you figure out what your overall objective is then you can start thinking about what activity you want the students to do. When you start with your end goal of the lesson, it will help make the lesson planning part go much quicker. Here is an example: The objective for my students is to name all of the food groups and be able to give examples for each group. The lesson students will do in order to complete this objective is going to be to sort foods in an activity called sorting groceries. Students will learn about the five food groups first by looking at a food chart then going into small groups and brainstorming what foods go into each food group. Next, they will receive a paper plate and food cards. Their goal is to place the correct food cards on the paper plate with the correct food group. 2. Download Ready-To-Go Lesson Plans Technology has made it very easy and convenient for teachers to be able to go online and print out already made lesson plans. Some sites offer free lesson plans while others you may have to pay a small fee, nonetheless, it is worth every penny. Once you figure out what your learning objective is, then all you have to do is a quick search for a lesson plan that correlates with your end goal. Teacher Pay Teachers is one site that has many already-made lessons (some free, some you have to pay) as well as Discovery Education where all lessons are free. These are just two of the hundreds of sites that offer lesson plans at your convenience. This site  also has plenty of lesson plans on it as well. 3. Collaborate with Your Fellow Teachers One of the best ways to get your lesson planning done quicker is to collaborate with other teachers. There are a few ways that you can do this, one way is for each teacher to plan for a few subjects, then use the others lessons from your fellow teacher for the subjects that you didnt plan for. For example, lets say that you created a lesson plan for social studies and science for the week, and your colleague created plans for language arts and math. You would both give each other your lesson plans so all you really had to do is only plan for two subjects versus four. Another way that you can collaborate with your colleagues is to have the two classes work together for specific subjects. A great example of this comes from a fourth-grade classroom where the teachers in the school would change classrooms for different subjects. This way each teacher only had to plan for one or two subjects versus all of them. Collaboration makes it so much easier on the teacher and not to mention the students love to work with different students from other classrooms as well. Its a win-win situation for everybody. 4. Theres an App for That Have you ever heard of the expression Theres an app for that? Well, there is an app to help you get your lesson plans done quicker. It is called Planboard and One Note and Lesson Planning to name a few. These are just three of the many apps that are on the market to help teachers create, organize and map out their lesson planning from the convenience of their fingertips. Long gone are the days of handwriting or typing out each and every lesson that you plan on doing, nowadays all you have to do is tap your finger on a screen a few times and you will have your lesson plans done. Well, its not that easy but you get the point. Apps have made it easier for teachers to get their plans done faster. 5. Think Outside of the Box Whoever says that you had to do all of the work yourself? Try thinking outside of the box and have your students help you, invite a guest speaker or go on a field trip. Learning doesnt have to be just creating a lesson plan and following it, it can be whatever it is you want it to be. Here are a few more teacher-tested ideas for thinking outside of the box. Digital field trip.Put on a play.Have students create an activity. In order to be effective, lesson planning does not have to be exhausting and so detailed that you plan out each and every scenario. As long as you list your objectives, create an engaging activity, and know how you will assess your students that is enough.

Asking Questions for Advanced Classes

Asking Questions for Advanced Classes Speaking skills include the ability to listen, and that means asking meaningful questions. In class, teachers often take over the task of asking probing questions, but sometimes the students dont quite enough practice in this essential task in any conversation. This lesson plan focuses on helping students improve their question-asking skills to move beyond just basic questions. Students - even higher level students - often run into problems when asking questions. This is due to a number of causes: i.e., teachers are the ones that usually ask questions, the inversion of the auxiliary verb and subject can be especially tricky for many students. This simple lesson focuses on helping higher (intermediate to upper intermediate) level students focus on some of the more difficult question forms. Aim Improving speaking confidence when using question difficult question forms Activity Intensive review of advanced question forms followed by student gap question exercises. Level Intermediate to upper intermediate Outline Focus on auxiliary verb usage by making a number of statements in tenses the students are familiar with. Ask students to identify the auxiliary verb in each case.Ask a student or students to explain the underlying scheme of the object question form (i.e., ? word Auxiliary Subject Verb). Have students give a number of examples in different tenses.Review the question forms of some of the more difficult tenses and constructions such as: conditionals, used to, present perfect continuous, past perfect, etc.Split students up into pairs. Distribute worksheet and ask students to ask an appropriate question for the given answer taking turns.Follow-up check of questions either by circulating through the student pairs or as a group.Ask students to each take the second exercise (one for Student A the other for Student B) and complete the gaps by asking their partner for the missing information.Solidify question forms by quickly playing a verb inversion game using the various tenses (i.e., Teache r: I live in the city. Student: Where do you live? etc.) Exercise 1: Ask an Appropriate Question for the Response It was really rather wet and windy with temperatures well below normal.Since eight oclock this morning.I was cleaning up.Id buy a new house.She cant be at home, I tried to call her a few minutes ago.Why dont you go shopping?For about 2 years. Exercise 2: Ask Questions to Fill the Gaps With the Missing Information Student A The last few weeks have been very difficult for my friend ______. He discovered that he hadnt insured his car after his car was stolen __________. He immediately went to his insurance agent, but she told him that he had only bought ____________, and not against theft. He became really angry and ________________, but, of course, he didnt do that in the end. So, he hasnt been driving for the past two weeks, but ___________ to get to work. He works at a company about 15 miles from his home in __________. It used to take him only twenty minutes to get to work. Now, he has to get up at ___________ in order to catch the seven oclock bus. If he had more money, he would ___________. Unfortunately, he had just spent most of his savings on an _____________ before his car was stolen. He had a wonderful time in Hawaii, but he now says that if he hadnt gone to Hawaii, he wouldnt be having all these problems now. Poor guy. Student B The last few weeks have been very difficult for my friend Jason. He discovered that _______________ after his car was stolen three weeks ago. He immediately went to his ___________, but she told him that he had only bought a policy against accidents, and not ________. He became really angry and threatened to sue the company, but, of course, he didnt do that in the end. So, he hasnt been ___________ for the past two weeks, but has been taking the bus to get to work. He works at a company about __________ from his home in Davonford. It used to take him ____________ to get to work. Now, he has to get up at six oclock __________________________. If he had more money, he would buy a new car. Unfortunately, he had just __________________ on an exotic vacation to Hawaii before his car was stolen. He had a wonderful time in Hawaii, but he now says that if _______________, he wouldnt be having all these problems now. Poor guy.

Nurse education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nurse education - Essay Example Nurses assist advance the most appropriate actions for patient services by cautiously investigating current strategies and giving response to their nurse leader (Needleman & Buerhaus, 2003). In addition, the transformational leadership technique is significantly related with perceived job satisfaction and efficiency. For example, transformational nurse leadership entails staff nurse involvement in performance development initiatives and strategic planning. My clinical experience occurred in labor & delivery or postpartum unit. Hospitals provide training programs, for example, assistant or technician trainings, which frequently incorporate trainee nurses right into the system of that facility. The labor & delivery or postpartum unit provided high danger and usual postpartum care. The unit was made up of ten beds, nine labor rooms, two examination rooms, one operating room, and one observation room. The labor & delivery or postpartum unit delivered almost seventy babies monthly. Most hospitals have websites where an individual may get information regarding nursing job vacancies and their requirements. The labor & delivery or postpartum unit merged caring proficiency with the most novel creative activities and up to date equipment (Kaestner, 2005). Participation also permitted firsthand experience and was an adequate way of learning. The model of care delivery is the synergy model. This model is a structure for creating nursing practice and establishing capabilities that indicate a combination of experience, skills, and knowledge of the nurse. The synergy model employs registered nurses incorporating them in the process of clinical decision making in the facility. There are ten nurses, six females and four males. The central point of view of the synergy model is that the synergy outcomes when the characters and requirements of the clinical unit, patient, or system are matched with the capabilities of a nurse. The problem is in the clinical decision making process. The synergy model provides the nurses with a strategy to make decisions in creating patient responsibilities matching the appropriate nurse with the adequate expertise for patient care. This model reduces work intensity, enhances the work surrounding, assures communication and cooperation between teams, and promotes a culture of learning (Kaestner, 200 5). Intervention   The nurse leader or manager proposes to deal with the issue of staffing shortage of registered nurses on a labor and delivery or postpartum unit in a number of ways. First, the nurse leader proposes the approval of federal standards indicating nurse to patient work load threshold and nurse to patient ratios. Health care providers should be required to offer necessary skill mix and efficient staffing levels to make sure there is an appropriate working environment for nurses and quality service to patients. Second, the nurse manager proposes a legal ban

OI wk 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

OI wk 5 - Essay Example The company also targets schools and universities as a market for their products. Despite being a leader in soft drinks industry, the PepsiCo Company has been faced by stiff competition from other firms such as the Coca Cola Company. This has made it necessary for PepsiCo to adopt innovative strategies to ensure that their products continue to reach the desired market. This stems from the realization that it is important for the company to come up with innovative ways to reach the target market in a highly competitive market. The success of PepsiCo can be attributed to their ability to target new markets. PepsiCo has been known for its niche marketing. Market niche innovation refers to the ability of the company to open up new markets using the existing technology (Von Stamm, 2003). In earlier years the company targeted the black community as a market for their products. The company also targeted different communities and came up with strategies to reach this target markets. As a result of their innovative marketing, PepsiCo was able to raise sales in the targeted communities. At present the company continues to come up with more innovative ways to reach the desired market. These include a redesigning of the Pepsi cans to have a design that included more than 30 different backgrounds for each can. This is an example of the innovation that is carried out by PepsiCo to help in achieving growth and success. The PepsiCo Company is driven by the market share in reaching it niche market. This has made it easier for the Company to identify the proper channels of distributions for their products. To enable the Company to attain a larger market share, the company has developed distribution channels that allow it to reach its entire target market. The company has also expanded the distribution channels through globalization. In addition, the PepsiCo Company has reached to a wider market through the use of proper and targeted promotions. The company has also been able to

How art improves our lives :: Essays Papers

How art improves our lives Art is a deliberate recreation of a new and special reality that grows from one’s response to life. It improves our existence by enhancing, changing and perpetuating our cultural composition. â€Å"The great artist knows how to impose their particular illusion on the rest of mankind,† proclaimed Guy de Mauspassant. Art improves our lives by directly and indirectly lift the morale of individuals, creating unity and social solidarity. Art creates awareness of social issues. Art may express and reflect the religious, political, and economical aspects of cultures. Art is and can be what ever a culture says it is or what ever they want it to be. It involves all people, those who conceive the idea of the work, execute it, provide necessary equipment and materials, and people who make up the audience for the work. Art forms as diverse as architecture, body decoration, clothing manufacture, and memorial sculptures reflect social status. Art echoes the natural world. It gives order to the world and intensity to human life. Art is a means of communion as well as communication. It provides pleasurable experiences along with cerebral wealth. Art also helps us to express our sentimental relations. It can beautify, surprise, inspire, stimulate imagination, inform, tell stories, and record history. As someone once said, â€Å"Art is life.† Therefore, as teachers, it is our jobs to teach students about life through art. We must have a penetrating comprehension ourselves of how art affects our society in order to teach our students to comprehend the complex purposes of art. We must be aware of the global culture and heritage from which art emerges. For example when teaching our students art aesthetics, we must never let them think that there is only one way to view art. Students, and especially teachers, should be acceptable to all ways in which art evaluation can occur. Western aesthetics is based primarily on individuality, originality, permanence, and form. These factors cannot be applied to art from every culture. For example, African art is understood in terms of rites of passage, healing, power, control, and commerce. Students must be taught to understand the principles of art as they are understood by the cultural group in which they belong in order to truly achieve global awareness and appreciation for art. Obvio usly, teachers must gain this awareness themselves before they can impart it to their students. Travel, physically or intellectually, is necessary for teachers who truly aspire to instill a devotion to open-mindedness and tolerance in their students.

Bata Shoes Ltd Case study Essay

how has Bata interacted with foreign political systems Question 1 Following the First world War the Austro-Hungarian empire was fragmented into Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Yugoslavia. During this period the Czechoslovakian state was conceived as a parliamentary democracy, with the constitution of 1920 giving the central government a high degree of control over local government. Czechoslovakia, in particular, saw rapid economic growth during the 1920 brought about by foreign investment and advances in manufacturing technology. The country proved particularly tempting for foreign investors such as the British, French, Belgian and Dutch due to low labour costs and readily available natural resources. Only in the shoe industry the foreign capital played no important role. Thanks to a monopoly position of Bata Works Czechoslovakia held the first place among the world’s leading shoe exporters in 1930’s after overtaking Great Britain and the USA. In 1938 interference by Hitler resulted in the old Slovak and Ruthenian demands for autonomy finally been granted. Czechoslovakia was deprived of one third of its territory containing some of its most important industrial centres and most fertile farm-land, leaving the country economically crippled. Following this Bata realised his business did not have good future prospects if it were to remain in Czechoslovakia. He sought to continue operations and preserve the business by moving to Canada as the country was viewed as a safer operating environment, both economically and politically. Bata move to Canada, along with one hundred of his staff and families, would see the company and its workers having to adapt to operations in a different political system to Czechoslovakia, the first of many adaptations they would have to make as the company expanded across the globe. The relocation in Canada was a big change for Bata, as the government there gives significant political power to the provinces which each have their own  trade barriers. This is a big contrast to Czechoslovakia, where the central government has great power over the provinces. However, Canada was seen as very politically and economically stable in comparison to Czechoslovakia despite the political differences mentioned above. With operations in over 60 countries across the world, Bata Limited runs as a decentralised operation in order to allow its managers to adjust operating procedures to local environments. However tight control of Bata’s core philosophies and strategies are in place, even though these may be different from that of the country the operation is in and the managers and workers employed there. This could potentially cause problems if pursued too rigorously. However, the text states that Bata does interact with foreign political systems with Thomas G. Bata travelling extensively to check on quality control and to ensure good relations with the governments of the countries in which Bata operates. This interaction is particularly important as I feel Bata offers a number of key benefits to many of the countries it chooses to invest in such as increased economic stability due to their labour intensive operations and policy of purchasing materials locally. The countries Bata operates in vary in the amount of political and economic freedom they offer to their citizens and companies operating there. The case states that Bata does not won 100 percent of the factories it has in some countries. It appears that Bata prefer to own 100 percent of their factories, but are willing to compromise if the political situation requires. This includes taking minority ownership, or in some cases providing licensing, consulting and technical assistance where it does not have an equity interest in a country. Bata seem to work this policy well as they have the flexibility to cope with these different operating environments. I believe this is a sensible policy as it allows Bata intrusion into markets that may become freer and more prosperous in the future. Bata serves its markets by producing in each market all it will sell there. It will buy raw materials locally and achieves economies of scale due to its processes being very labour intensive. One may suggest that the lack of  exports would make Bata a less attractive prospect for the host countries as little outside money is feeding into the economy. However, since operations are labour intensive there will be a great benefit from the job opportunities created. The main issue that causes problems to arise in some countries is if raw materials are imported into the countries in question rather than being brought locally. In such cases the case states that Bata â€Å"must adjust to local laws and requirements for operation†. However, by normally buying raw materials within the countries Bata operates in it appears to work well with the governments concerned. The main driving force behind Bata choosing not to export goods is the security that operating domestically brings, such as the avoidance of problems associated with exporting like if an importing country were to restrict trade. Bata obviously feels that stability is of key importance to its strategy, particularly in many of the less economically developed areas in which it operates. In these countries there are not the laws to protect workers rights and safeguard income in times of unemployment, so if a factory were to close the effect would be very hard hitting to the workers and would potentially ruin Bata’s political relations permanently. Bata operates in countries with varying degrees of freedom. Tom Bata Snr. prefers to operate in democratic countries as these offer the chance to discuss issues, whereas totalitarian regimes do not. However, Bata have still operated under some Totalitarian regimes such as South Africa, Chile and Uganda. In Uganda Bata has had its operations nationalised and de-nationalised twice while operating under a violent and repressive regime that saw the expulsion of many skilled foreigners. Bata took the view that people would still need jobs and shoes whatever political system they were living under, a similar view that has been expressed recently by many people talking about Iraq. Therefore operations would continue. Bata benefited as the way it operated fitted in with the Ugandan governments policy of becoming more self sufficient, rather than relying on imports. This is because Bata obtained its raw materials from with the country and offered the stability of selling  in their home market. Bata also helped the government with a second policy that aimed to promote links between agriculture and industry, with the raw materials coming from rural areas. The continued presence of Bata in Uganda, despite the expulsion of many foreign workers, reinforces its faith in local workforce, which in turn helped build trust. By fitting in with these policies Bata was able to operate in Uganda while many other companies were forced to leave, and benefit from a 98% share of the shoe market. Bata followed a similar model in Chile where Pinochet ruled the country for a period of time while the company operated there. Again Bata saw no need to leave to country as it viewed its investment there to be long term, in which time various political systems would come and go, but people would always need jobs and shoes. Many of the benefits offered by Bata to Uganda were also of benefit to the Chilean government and people. The regimes in both Uganda and Penochet Chile both suffered from poor human rights records. Bata was therefore put under some pressure to withdraw from these countries by various parties including governments and international organisations. However, Bata was always able to argue that it had been in the countries far longer than the regimes in place and had seen many come and go. Its simple reason for being there was the fact that people needed shoes, and it was in a good position of providing this basic need. South Africa caused far greater problems for Bata. Here the same type of extreme regime was seen as in countries such Uganda and Chile. The difference for Bata was that South Africa attracted far more public attention across the globe. The Canadian government took a very negative view of Canadian countries having interests in South Africa. Maybe more importantly public opinion and knowledge about the regime in South Africa were to have a big effect on the company. Bata possibly realised that if it continued to operate in South Africa it would risk alienating itself from its consumers in countries such as Canada and the US and set itself up for ridicule by the large number of international organisations opposed to apartheid. In this situation it was important for Bata to interact with the various political systems involved to withdraw operations from South Africa while causing minimum disruption. It sold its holding in South Africa in 1986. It did not identify the buyer or the sales price, and it denied that apartheid was the reason for its pulling out, citing that all factors had been taken into account with respect to its investment. Bata ensured that the Bata name and trademark could not be used by the buyer and that the jobs of the workers in its plants would be preserved. Why they now operate in Czech Rep, but not Slovakia. Question 2 Czechoslovakia has being subject to turbulent time in the period following World War II. With the advent of communist rule countries were often formed from different ethnic groups held together by totalitarian rule, as was the case here. The break-up of the communist bloc in 1989 resulted in the disintegration of countries such as Czechoslovakia, that would be split into two independent nations; The Czech Republic and Slovakia. The fact that both of these countries are now free from communist rule does not necessarily mean that they are free. Freedom House is an organisation that monitors the political rights and civil liberties of countries around the world and rank them to the degree that freedom exists. Below is a summary of the assessment they give to the Czech republic and Slovakia. Since 1972, Freedom House has published an annual assessment of state state of freedom by assigning each country and territory the status of â€Å"Free,† â€Å"Partly Free,† or â€Å"Not Free† by averaging their political rights and civil liberties ratings. Countries whose combined averages for political rights and for civil liberties fall between 1.0 and 2.5 are designated â€Å"free†; between 3.0 and 5.5. artly free? and between 5.5 and 7.0 ot free.? As we can see from the chart above, both countries are now considered politically free. However, economically Slovakia still lags behind the Czech Republic. It has being politically free for less time and lacks consistency in the freedom scores it achieves, suggesting that the political system may be subject to some instability. Bata express concern relating to Slovakia not being economically free in the case. As The Czech Republic is clearly further along in its progress to economic freedom than is Slovakia, Bata is likely to face considerably less government intervention in its business. Private property ownership and protection, property rights, and economic competition are likely to be more common in the Czech Republic making the operating environment more stable. In Slovakia, Bata is likely to face greater political risks. There is likely to be more political instability in Slovakia, usually an indicator that there is also a lack of economic freedom. It also appears from the case that Slovakia may not have a very positive attitude toward foreign investment, despite Bata roots in the region. Bata would benefit from investment in both the Czech republic and Slovakia. From a nostalgic point of view, Bata will be able to return to the home country. Bata will also gain access to large facilities and a huge market in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. The Czech Republic and Slovakia would also benefit from Bata’s investment themselves. They would gain access to Bata global design, production, and marketing expertise. They will be able to design better, more fashionable, and more reasonably priced shoes. The Czech Republic and Slovakia might be able to get Bata to invest significant capital into the plant to get it up to world-class standards. Bata will create new jobs for Czech and Slovakian workers, especially as the processes are quite labour intensive. Bata also has a policy of buying raw materials locally, benefiting the host countries economy as a whole. There are some disadvantages of investment for both parties too. Bata may be forced to pay compensation for its own plants if the company chooses to invest in Slovakia. There is also a slightly higher risk of political instability and economic restrictions in the country. There are also disadvantages for the countries involved. Bata may actually have better production processes than are currently employed in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Therefore they may actually require less workers than are currently employed in the factories so workers would be made unemployed. Bata do not export goods so do not bring as much foreign capital into the country as maybe would be expected by a company of their size. Bata reentered the Czech Republic and not Slovakia because the two countries have very different economic environments. The Czech Republic is moving more quickly than Slovakia toward a free market system. Slovakia are also in dispute with Bata regarding the ownership of the companies former factories in the country. The Slovak government appear disinterested in helping to solve the problem by implementing new laws to make it very difficult for companies in the same situation as Bata to regain their former property without either reaching agreement with the new owners or by taking expensive  legal action. When looking at this evidence it looks advantageous for Bata not to seek to reinvest in Slovakia at present. Explain the current situation and relate to probable causes mentioned above The political environment can have a dramatic impact on the operations of a firm. For example managers in most western European countries may be accustomed to a stable political system and a relatively homogenous population. This is often not true in other countries. A political system integrates the parts of a society into a viable, functioning unit. Sometimes that is a very difficult task. A country political system influences how business is conducted domestically and internationally. The basic political ideologies of a country are the body of ideas, theories and aims that constitute a socio-political program. The ultimate test of any political system in its ability to hold a society together despite pressures from different ideologies tending to split it apart. History, culture, language, religion, geography and political ideologies help define national borders. Forms of government range from Democracy to Totalitarianism. Democracies usually have economic freedom and laws that safeguard individual and corporate rights and are often preferred by investors. The more developed democracies tend to have the following characteristics. Freedom in the areas of political rights and civil liberties are particularly important in democracies. These are measured by the organisation Freedom House using a number of indicating factors, and the results compiled to rank countries according to their degree of freedom. In 1998, 88 of the worlds countries were â€Å"free† and 50 were â€Å"not free†. Free countries are high in both political rights and civil liberties, whereas those countries who deny their citizens basic political rights and civil liberties are not free. In addition 53 countries were partly free, with limited political rights and civil liberties, often in the context of corruption, weak rule of law, ethnic strife or civil war. Despite the large proportion of countries claiming to operate democratic governments, many new democracies around the world are not yet stable with few political parties and corruption threatening the system’s survival. Examples include Indonesia and some countries from the former Soviet union. Businesses should be cautious when looking to invest in these areas. In contrast to democracies, totalitarian regimes offer far less political and economic freedom. Forms of totalitarianism include fascism (Mussolini Italy), authoritarianism (Chile under Pinochet), and communism. Communists believe in the equal distribution of wealth, which entails total government ownership and control of resources. Political systems have a great impact on management decisions. This includes political risk and government intervention in the economy. Political risk occurs when there is a possibility that the political climate in a foreign country will change in such a way that the operations of  international companies in that country will deteriorate. Types of political risk include government takeovers of property, operating restrictions, and agitation that damage the company performance. Such problems can be caused by changing opinions of political leadership, civil disorder, and changes in external relations (such as animosity between the home and host country governments. We can see many examples of the above in the Bata case. The companies operations were taken over in Czechoslovakia with the advent of communist rule. They are subject to operating restrictions in several countries where they are not allowed to have 100 percent ownership of their plants. Animosity between the home Canadian government and the South African host government during the Apartheid era was a contributing factor that lead to Bata’s eventual withdrawal from South Africa. Civil disorder and strike action has affected the companies operations in several countries over the years. Government intervention in the economy occurs because some governments adopt an ndividualistic paradigm?and keep intervention in the economy at a minimum. Others adopt a ommunitarian paradigm?wherein the government plays a larger role in the economy. They thrive on a respected, centralised bureaucracy with a stable political party or coalition in power. If a U.S. firm moves from the United States (individualistic) to Germany, Japan, or South Korea (communitarian), it may have to develop new strategies for its relationships with government, suppliers, customers, and competitors. Bata show evidence of adapting to different environments as the case states that the company is â€Å"run as a decentralised operation in which its managers are free to adjust operating procedures to local environments†. This highlights how the company acknowledge the need to be flexible in order to fit in under varying restrictions depending where in the world they are. Stable democracies are usually seen as the safest operating environment for businesses. In the Bata case Tom Bata Snr states that he prefers a democratic system â€Å"a democracy offers the potential to discuss and change proceedings, whereas under totalitarianism it is sometimes wisest to remain silent†. However, one must remember that not all democracies operate in the same way. For example the degree to which citizens are involved in the  political process and the degree of centralised control. In the case Bata relocate from Czechoslovakia to Canada. Here the provinces have significant political power at expense of the federal government. Many provinces have their own trade barriers. Companies often have difficulty determining how to operate in decentralised democratic systems because they face many different laws and regulations. For example different tax laws. For this reason one assumes that Bata carefully chose exactly which state it would relocate to when it moved to Canada. Bibliography ?Kurian, George Thomas 1992. Encyclopedia of the Third World, fourth edition, volume III, Facts on File: New York, N.Y., pp. 2009-2011. ?Source: Byrnes, Rita M. (ed.) 1992. Uganda A Country Study, Library of Congress: Washington D.C. p. 123 ?The history of Slovakia (1929 – 1938) From Wall Street Crash to Munich http://www.adc.sk/english/slovakia/index.htm ?Skilling H. G. ed.: Czechoslovakia 1918-88. MacMillan Academic and Professional LTD., 1991. ?J.D. Daniels and L.H. Radebaugh, International Business, Environment and Operations, 9th Edition – 2001, Prentice Hall. Ch 3 ?D. Holt and K. Wiggington, International Business, Second Edition ?2002, Harcourt College Publishers, Ch 3 ?Freedom House, http://www.freedomhouse.org/ ?R. Griffin and M. Pustay, International Business, A managerial perspective, Third Edition ?2002, Prentice Hall

History In Douglasss Memoir - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 716 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/29 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Frederick Douglass Essay Did you like this example? In the memoir, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, by Frederick Douglass, Douglass uses historical information in the memoir. Douglass proves that his intended audience for the memoir are readers who have not experienced what it is like to live the life of a slave. Douglass also intends to have previous and current slaves become the audience of the memoir. Douglass uses the subject of civil and political rights for the memoir. First, Douglass presents historical information in his memoir. Douglass does this by including specific names, places, and events of what has occured in his life. He is able to describe the grueling and difficult life of slaves through his and others experiences. He then said to her, ?Now, you dd bh, Ill learn you how to disobey my orders! and after rolling up his sleeves, he commenced to lay on the heavy cowskin, and soon the warm, red blood (amid heartrending shrieks from her, and horrid oaths from him) came dripping to the floor (Douglass, 21). This quote shows the treatment that Douglassrs aunt and many other slaves had to endure. Douglass gives specific names of places, people, and actions hers encountered throughout his life. Also, Douglass includes other examples of slave cruelty, such as a man being shot and many other cruel whippings. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "History In Douglasss Memoir" essay for you Create order Second, Douglass confirms that the intended audience for the memoir are those who have not gone through what slaves have. Douglass also intends on giving slavers hope and inspiration. Douglass is able to do this by going into extended detail about his life as a slave. Douglass shows the horrible life of a slave by including details of slaves he knew being tortured and mistreated. Douglass informs the audience of how the slaves had to live, and the harsh tasks they had to do. Douglass also shows the tough and persistant way he worked to become an educated man with a voice. Douglass shows this by telling the readers how he learned to read and write. My mistress used to go to class meeting at the Wilk street meetinghouse every Monday afternoon, and leave me too take care of the house. When left thus, I used to spend the time in writing the spaces left in Master Thomasrs copy book, copying what he had written I continued to do this until I could write a hand very similar to that of Master Thomas. Thus, after a long, tedious effort for years, I finally succeeded in learning how to write (Douglass, 48). Douglass recalls the times of how himself and other slaves were treated unfairly. After Douglass tells the readers of the treatment he and others have endured he explains how he was able to sneakily take lessons from white boys and write from the books of his masters while they were away. Lastly, Douglass uses the subject of civil and political rights in the memoir. Douglass constantly tells the readers his thoughts and opinions as a young child in the memoir. An example of this is how he continues to state how he wishes to run away to find a better life no matter what challenges he faces. The barrier betwixt himself and brother he considered impassable. I then had to regret that I did not at least make the attempt to carry out my resolution to run away for the chances of success are tenfold greater from the city than from the country (Douglass, 53). Douglass states this when he was about to travel from Baltimore to St. Michaelrs. Douglass shows that he would want to attempt to escape despite what consequences he could encounter. He is willing to escape and endure the consequences just as long as in his trying he could possibly create better lives for other slaves. In conclusion, Frederick Douglass, the author of the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave wrote the memoir with a great amount of historical context and detail. Douglass wrote the memoir, intended for people who have not been subject to the treatment and lives that the slaves encountered. Douglass also intends to have previous and current slaves become the audience of the memoir in order to instil hope and inspiration in them. Lastly, Douglass uses the subject of civil and political rights for the memoir.